Silver jewelry

Analyzing the Existing DNS Implementation 350-001 156-915.65 642-642
Unless you are tasked with building a network infrastructure from the ground up, most
network administrators have to understand and work with DNS infrastructures that are
already in place. This lesson includes an overview of the DNS components and discusses
some of the terminology you will need to understand before you can design
and implement a DNS strategy for your company.
The first step in analyzing a company’s network infrastructure is to perform an analysis
of the company itself. As discussed in Chapter 2, understanding how a company works
and how its information flows lays a critical foundation for the rest of your network
design. In this lesson, you learn to gather information regarding the DNS infrastructure
that is in place.
DNS Overview
Most human beings do not like working with numbers or having to memorize Internet
Protocol (IP) addresses to connect to a resource on the network. It’s a lot easier to
memorize www.microsoft.com as an address than 172.16.45.67. When a Fully Qualified
Domain Name (FQDN) such as www.microsoft.com is entered by a user on a network,
there must be a method or component that takes that name and resolves it to an IP
number. DNS does exactly that. As you saw in Chapter 1, this name resolution process
can be quite involved. In this section, you will look at the various components that
make it all happen.
Components of DNS
Because you have already gathered all of the information pertaining to the physical
locations of the various departments and divisions of your company, and have created
network diagrams of the present infrastructure, you are almost ready to analyze the
DNS structure of the company. The diagrams you have created illustrate where all
servers, routers, switches, and so on are located. This information, combined with the
locations and total amount of hosts, subnets, and routers, will help you to understand
how the present DNS infrastructure is configured.
DNS Zones
A zone is defined as a contiguous portion of a DNS tree that is administered as a
separate entity by a DNS server. It can store information about one or more domains.
A zone contains resource records associated with a particular domain. For example,
Contoso’s DNS namespace for the domain contoso.com may have originally been
configured as a single zone, but as the domain grows and many subdomains are
added—such as ftp.contoso.com, www.contoso.com, marketing.contoso.com, and so
on—you can assign different zones to each subdomain.
Windows Server 2003 allows you to choose between several different zone types (as
shown in Figure 6-1).
Primary zone Contains a local copy of the DNS zone where resource records
are created and updated. VCP-310 640-802 190-848
Secondary zone A read-only copy of a DNS zone. It can be updated only through
replication from a primary zone, and is used for redundancy and load balancing.
Active Directory integrated zone A primary zone stored in Active Directory.
Stub zone A copy of a zone that contains only the resource records needed to
identify authoritative DNS servers, thereby simplifying DNS administration and
improving name resolution.

Designing a WINS Server Placement Strategy 156-215.1 70-643 NS0-201
Your goal, when designing a WINS strategy for your network infrastructure, is to have
the WINS service available to client workstations when they need it. Availability is at
risk when there is only one WINS server configured to support a large number of users.
If that server should fail, all of the users will now need to resolve NetBIOS names using
one of the other methods covered earlier: Lmhosts files or broadcasts. In situations in
which a slow link exists between two subnets, it is highly recommended that a WINS
server be placed in both subnets to maximize performance of client name-resolution
requests.
Just as much thought had to go into deciding where to place your DNS servers, you
can see that placing your WINS servers in the right location can also influence performance.
For example, a remote site that has several thousand users may warrant placing
a WINS server there to avoid the prospect of sending the traffic generated from name
registrations over a 128Kb frame relay connection. Once again, your network topology
diagrams are critical in making such decisions.
Fault Tolerance 70-237 70-445 70-271
When designing your WINS infrastructure, you should consider the possibility of something
going wrong—because it usually does. Having only one WINS server on a routed
network, regardless of how small the network is, can create problems if a WINS server
unexpectedly crashes due to hardware failure or is inadvertently shut down for maintenance
by a junior network administrator who is not aware that the server is running
WINS. By placing secondary WINS servers throughout your network infrastructure, you
reduce the effects of one server being unavailable for your clients. If cost is a factor
preventing you from implementing this, Lmhosts files configured with #PRE-tag entries
for critical servers are a good way of ensuring that clients can access network resources
in the event of a downed router or WINS server.
Non-Routed Networks
On a small LAN with one WINS server, you will not see as much of a problem with a
WINS server crashing as you would in a routed network. Users on the LAN would be
able to access all network resources located on the LAN using broadcast requests.
However, they may see a noticeable degredation in performance on low-bandwidth
networks.
Routed Networks
On a routed network, where users on a remote segment rely on the WINS server across
the router to perform NetBIOS name resolution, a WINS server that is made unavailable
could prevent users from doing their jobs. For example, all applications that relied
on NetBIOS name resolution would not function. Access to servers and printers may
not be possible for all remote users. Another possible problem could arise if the router
connecting to the subnet containing the WINS server failed. In designing your WINS
infrastructure, all of these scenarios must be considered. 70-642 642-373 642-415

Creating DataSet Objects NS0-201 70-643 156-215.1
DataSet objects are available in the System.Data namespace and are used as an in-memory cache of the data being used in your application. DataSet objects contain DataTable objects that can be related with DataRelation objects much like the structure of a relational database.
DataSet Objects
Datasets are objects that you use to temporarily store the data that is used in your application. There are basically two distinct kinds of DataSet objects: typed, and untyped. Untyped DataSets are the standard generic instances of the DataSet class where you manually build up the DataSet definition (schema) by creating DataTable objects (untyped DataTables) and adding them to the Tables collection in the DataSet. You can access untyped DataTable and DataColumn objects through their collection indices. Typed DataSet objects derive their schema from an .xsd file and contain explicitly typed collections (such as a specific CustomersTable object).
There are three distinct ways to create DataSet objects in Visual Studio:
Declare a new DataSet object programmatically in the code editor, which results in an empty DataSet that requires creating DataTable and optional DataRelation objects to be added to the DataSet.
Use design-time tools such as the DataSet Designer and the Data Source Configuration Wizard which assists in the creation of typed DataSet objects by stepping you through the process of selecting or creating a data connection and then allowing you to select database objects available from that connection to build up a typed DataSet and have most, if not all, of the necessary code generated for you.
Drag a DataSet object from the Toolbox onto a form and use the Table and Column
Collection editors to build up the schema of your DataSet. 642-444 70-631 MB7-515
Merging DataSet Contents
You can take the contents from one DataSet (the source dataset) and merge it with the contents of another DataSet (the target dataset) using the DataSet.Merge method.
When merging datasets, the actual data is combined depending on whether a similar record exists in the DataSet into which it will be merged. For example, if you merge two datasets that both contain a record with the same primary key, the values in the target DataSet will be overwritten with the new values in the source DataSet. You can control this behavior and restrict changes from being made in the target DataSet by passing in a true or false value to the PreserveChanges flag in the Merge method. In addition to merging the actual data, when you merge two DataSets that have tables with differing schema, you can pass an optional MissingSchemaAction parameter to the Merge method that controls the behavior of the merge when the source DataSet has objects that are not currently in the target DataSet. The following are valid values for the MissingSchemaAction parameter:
Add (default) All schema items in the source DataSet are added to the target DataSet and populated.
AddWithKey All schema items and primary key settings are added to the target DataSet.
Error An exception will be thrown when the schemas in the source and target DataSets do not match.
Ignore All schema inconsistencies between the source and target DataSets are ignored.
In the following code example, the contents of the OldSalesDataSet are merged into the contents of the SalesHistoryDataSet. The PreserveChanges parameter is set to True and any schema differences will be ignored. 642-811 642-061 70-526

ToolStrip controls can host a wide range of functionality. ToolStripItems duplicate the functionality of several other Windows Forms controls as well as combine some Windows Forms functionality with menu functionality.000-297 ex0-103 190-801
Tool strips support rafting, merging, rearrangement of controls, and overflow of controls.
MenuStrip controls are used to create menus for forms and host ToolStripMenu-Item controls, which represent menu entries and commands.
The ContextMenuStrip control is used for creating context menus. You can associate a context menu with a control by setting the ContextMenuStrip property.
The Properties window can be used to create default event handlers or to assign preexisting methods to handle events.
A variety of mouse and keyboard events are raised in response to user actions. The MouseEventArgs parameter in many of the mouse events provides detailed information regarding the state of the mouse, and the KeyEventArgs and KeyPressEvent-Args parameters provide information regarding the state of the keyboard.
Event handlers can be created at run time and used to dynamically associate events with methods.
Typically, most real-world applications use databases as a store for the data in that application. For example, inventory systems, contact management systems, and airline reservation systems store data in a database and then retrieve the necessary records into the application as needed. In other words, the data used by an application is stored in a database external to the actual application, and it is retrieved into the application as required by the program.
When creating applications that work with data, the Microsoft .NET Framework provides many classes that aid in the process. The classes that you use for common data tasks such as communicating, storing, fetching, and updating data are all located in the System.Data namespace. The classes in the System.Data namespace make up the core data access objects in the .NET Framework. These data access classes are collectively known as ADO.NET.
Before you can begin working with data in an application, you must first establish and open a connection and communicate with the desired data source. This chapter describes how to create the various connection objects that are used to connect applications to different data sources and sets the basis for working with data in the following chapters. After learning to establish connections to databases in this chapter, we will move on to Chapter 6, “Working with Data in a Connected Environment,” which provides instructions for running queries, saving data, and creating database objects directly between your application and a database. Chapter 7, “Create, Add, Delete, and Edit Data in a Disconnected Environment,” describes how to create DataSet and DataTable objects that allow you to temporarily store data while it is being used in a running application. Finally, Chapter 8, “Implementing Data-Bound Controls,” provides information on binding data to be displayed and worked with in Windows Forms controls.
Typically, data sources are relational databases such as Microsoft SQL Server and Oracle, but, additionally, you can connect to data in files such as Microsoft Office Access (.mdb) and SQL Server (.mdf) database files. The connection object you use is based on the type of data source your application needs to communicate with. 190-712 640-553 190-623

The ToolStrip control is a host for ToolStripMenuItem controls that can be used to create toolbar-style functionality for your forms. Toolbars provide support for item reordering, rafting, and overflow of items onto the overflow button.646-204 225-030 000-253

Many tool strip items duplicate functionality of full-size Windows Forms controls such as ToolStripLabel, ToolStripButton, ToolStripTextBox, ToolStripComboBox, and ToolStripProgressBar. Tool strip controls that do not have analogous Windows Forms controls include ToolStripSeparator, ToolStripDropDownButton, and Tool-StripSplitButton.
You can display images on the ToolStripItems control with the Image property.
The ToolStripContainer control allows you to create forms that include support for rafting toolbars.

The ToolStripManager class is a static class that exposes methods for tool strip management. You can use the ToolStripManager.Merge method to merge tool strips.
Lesson Review
You can use the following questions to test your knowledge of the information in this lesson. The questions are also available on the companion CD if you prefer to review them in electronic form.

Creating and Configuring Menus 190-803 BI0-122 640-863
Menus have always been a part of Windows Forms applications. They give the user quick and easy access to important application commands in an easy-to-understand, easy-to-browse interface. The .NET Framework version 2.0 introduced MenuStrips, which allow the rapid creation of Forms menus as well as context menus (also known as shortcut menus, which appear when the user right-clicks an object). In this lesson, you will learn how to create menus and context menus and configure them for use in your application.

Creating Access Keys
Access keys enable you to access menu items by defining keys that, when pressed in combination with the Alt key, will execute the menu command. For example, if a File menu defines the F key as an access key, when Alt+F is pressed, the File menu will open. Menus that contain sub-menus open when the access key combination is pressed, and menus that invoke commands will invoke those commands. Note that the menu item must be visible for the access key to function. Thus, if you define an access key for an Open menu item that exists in the File sub-menu, the File menu must be opened first for the access key combination to function.
You can create an access key for a menu by preceding the letter you want to define the access key for with an ampersand (&) symbol. For example, to create an Alt+F access key combination for the File menu, you would set the FileToolStripMenuItem’s Text property to &File.
Creating Shortcut Keys
Unlike access keys, shortcut keys are a combination of keystrokes that allow direct invocation of a menu item whether the menu item is visible or not. For example, you might define the Ctrl+E key combination to be a shortcut key for the Exit menu command in the File menu. Even if the File menu is not open, Ctrl+E will cause the Exit menu command to be executed. Also, unlike access keys, you cannot create shortcut keys for top-level menus—you can create them only for items in sub-menus. 000-731 ex0-100 70-620
You can create a shortcut key at design time by setting the ShortcutKeys property in the Properties window. Clicking the ShortcutKeys property launches a visual interface than enables you to define a key combination. This interface is shown in Figure 4-5.
If you want to display the shortcut key combination next to the menu item, you can set the ShowShortcutKeys property of the ToolStripMenuItem control to True. You can also define a custom text to be shown instead of the key combination. If you want to define a custom text, you can set it in the ShortcutKeyDisplayString property.

The ToolStrip control is a host for ToolStripMenuItem controls that can be used to create toolbar-style functionality for your forms. Toolbars provide support for item reordering, rafting, and overflow of items onto the overflow button.646-204 225-030 000-253

Many tool strip items duplicate functionality of full-size Windows Forms controls such as ToolStripLabel, ToolStripButton, ToolStripTextBox, ToolStripComboBox, and ToolStripProgressBar. Tool strip controls that do not have analogous Windows Forms controls include ToolStripSeparator, ToolStripDropDownButton, and Tool-StripSplitButton.
You can display images on the ToolStripItems control with the Image property.
The ToolStripContainer control allows you to create forms that include support for rafting toolbars.

The ToolStripManager class is a static class that exposes methods for tool strip management. You can use the ToolStripManager.Merge method to merge tool strips.
Lesson Review
You can use the following questions to test your knowledge of the information in this lesson. The questions are also available on the companion CD if you prefer to review them in electronic form.

Creating and Configuring Menus 190-803 BI0-122 640-863
Menus have always been a part of Windows Forms applications. They give the user quick and easy access to important application commands in an easy-to-understand, easy-to-browse interface. The .NET Framework version 2.0 introduced MenuStrips, which allow the rapid creation of Forms menus as well as context menus (also known as shortcut menus, which appear when the user right-clicks an object). In this lesson, you will learn how to create menus and context menus and configure them for use in your application.

Creating Access Keys
Access keys enable you to access menu items by defining keys that, when pressed in combination with the Alt key, will execute the menu command. For example, if a File menu defines the F key as an access key, when Alt+F is pressed, the File menu will open. Menus that contain sub-menus open when the access key combination is pressed, and menus that invoke commands will invoke those commands. Note that the menu item must be visible for the access key to function. Thus, if you define an access key for an Open menu item that exists in the File sub-menu, the File menu must be opened first for the access key combination to function.
You can create an access key for a menu by preceding the letter you want to define the access key for with an ampersand (&) symbol. For example, to create an Alt+F access key combination for the File menu, you would set the FileToolStripMenuItem’s Text property to &File.
Creating Shortcut Keys
Unlike access keys, shortcut keys are a combination of keystrokes that allow direct invocation of a menu item whether the menu item is visible or not. For example, you might define the Ctrl+E key combination to be a shortcut key for the Exit menu command in the File menu. Even if the File menu is not open, Ctrl+E will cause the Exit menu command to be executed. Also, unlike access keys, you cannot create shortcut keys for top-level menus—you can create them only for items in sub-menus. 000-731 ex0-100 70-620
You can create a shortcut key at design time by setting the ShortcutKeys property in the Properties window. Clicking the ShortcutKeys property launches a visual interface than enables you to define a key combination. This interface is shown in Figure 4-5.
If you want to display the shortcut key combination next to the menu item, you can set the ShowShortcutKeys property of the ToolStripMenuItem control to True. You can also define a custom text to be shown instead of the key combination. If you want to define a custom text, you can set it in the ShortcutKeyDisplayString property.

■ When designing a system that sy0-101 enables your company to have access to the Internet,
you might want to consider having more than one link to connect to the Internet,
especially if your company relies on the connectivity to do business. Relying on the
uptime of an ISP for sales and electronic communications can be a high risk for any
company.
■ Before designing redundanc y into your connectivity design, you should verify that
redundancy is required. If your company CompTIA Security+ does not require connectivity to the
Internet to do its business, you can spend your IT budget in other areas.
■ You should determine the cost to the company if downtime occurs. It is very
important that you be able to quantify the cost associated with downtime as it
relates to Internet connectivity problems. That is, how much could the company
afford to lose for each minute remote users or company employees cannot connect
to the Internet?
■ In designing redundancy into your network, you should identify any hardware
components that might become 642-901 points of failure to your network because they are
the only means by which users can do their jobs. For example, if the dial-in server
available for remote users to connect to the company’s network becomes unavailable,
what will happen?
■ Before selecting an ISP for the implementation of your VPN or connectivity to the
Internet, you should consider how reliable the ISP’s Internet uplink is, how stable
the vendor is financially, and whether the CCNP vendor offers your company any guarantees
or service-level agreements, such as 99 percent uptime. You should also
determine if your ISP offers any security features, such as intrusion detection systems
or firewalls, and if the ISP gives your company reports showing daily or
weekly usage of bandwidth that will help you plan for growth.

that the clock speed of a central processing unit (CPU) would exponentially increase
over the next 20 years, was accurate almost to the megahertz. Memory, another hardware
component that has increased at a 70-647 phenomenal rate, is not the bottleneck in our
high-tech world of today. It seems that bandwidth is still our biggest liability; we don’t
have enough of it. In this lesson, you look at bandwidth and how your design must
take into account the bandwidth requirements to make your connectivity to the Internet
productive.Just as airlines overbook flights, most ISPs oversubscribe bandwidth. By oversubscribing
bandwidth, the ISP is counting on all of their customers not simultaneously
using 100 percent of the bandwidth they are allocated, in the same way
airlines count on some customers not using their plane tickets.
■ You will most likely be sharing your company’s available bandwidth among many
network services. It is very important that a thorough analysis be made of the type
of traffic that will be using any links.
■ When calculating the  MCITP bandwidth requirements for a VPN, you should know how
many users will need to access the network, if VoIP, e-mail, or Web servers will
also use the VPN bandwidth, and how much bandwidth these additional services
will require.
■ You should look at the traffic your network is transmitting during peak hours, and
determine if that traffic can be transmitted during periods of low bandwidth usage.
For example, employees can be directed to perform certain transfers of data during
nonpeak usage hours.

Network Address Translation (NAT) is a protocol that enables a private network to
connect to the Internet. A mapping table is created on the NAT server that maps
all internal IP addresses with port numbers and the external 642-642 IP address chosen by
the company.
■ NAT was created as a temporary solution to the problem of a shortage of IP
addresses available to handle the large number of users requesting them from the
InterNIC.
■ The NAT server forwards packets from Internet-based users to the computers on
the company’s private network. The NAT server drops packets that do not have a
matching port number in the session mapping table.
■ NAT Traversal technology enables an application to detect that a NAT server is
being used on the network, 640-816 automatically configures the port mappings, and
dynamically opens and closes the ports without user intervention.

Product Description

Exam Number/Code: 642-845
Exam Name: ONT - Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks

“ONT - Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks”, also known as 642-845 exam, is a Cisco certification. With the complete collection of questions and answers, Pass4sure has assembled to take you through 312 Q&As to your 642-845 Exam preparation. In the 642-845 exam resources, you will cover every field and category in CCNP helping to ready you for your successful Cisco Certification.

Exam Details

The Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks (642-845 ONT) is a qualifying exam for the Cisco Certified Network Professional CCNP?. The ONT 642-845 exam will certify that the successful candidate has important knowledge and skills in optimizing and providing effective QOS techniques for converged networks. The exam topics include implementing a VOIP network, implementing QoS on converged networks, specific IP QoS mechanisms for implementing the DiffServ QoS model, AutoQoS, wireless security and basic wireless management.

Exam Topics Include:
1. Describe Cisco VoIP implementations.
2. Describe QoS considerations and strategies.
3. Describe DiffServ QoS implementations.
4. Implement Cisco Auto QoS.
5. Implement Cisco device hardening using Cisco security features
6. Describe and Implement WLAN security and management.

The Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks exam, 642-845, is a qualifying exam for the Cisco Certified Network Professional CCNP. This is one of four tests that are required in order to become CCNP certified. The ONT 642-845 exam will certify that the successful candidate has important knowledge and skills in optimizing and providing effective QOS techniques for unified networks. The exam topics include implementing a VOIP network, implementing QoS including AutoQoS, wireless security, and basic wireless management.

Product Description

Exam Number/Code:1z0-042
Exam Name:oracle database 10g:administration i
“oracle database 10g:administration i”, also known as 1z0-042 exam, is a Oracle certification. With the complete collection of questions and answers, Pass4sure has assembled to take you through 168 Q&As to your 1z0-042 Exam preparation. In the 1z0-042 exam resources, you will cover every field and category in 10g DBA helping to ready you for your successful Oracle Certification.

The biggest part to having a database is being able to do a lot with it. This means having the ability to create tables, reports, forms, and do queries using SQL. One such database is Oracle’s 10g. Oracle 10g is a very powerful relational database system, and having someone who is qualified to handle the system can benefit the company tremendously. But in order for the company to benefit, the person must be a certified user of Oracle’s 10 g relational database. To be certified the person in charge of such databases would need to pass the 1z0-042 : Oracle Database 10g: Administration I exam.

In order to pass this test you would need to understand the architecture behind Oracle. You will also describe how to install the oracle database software, as well as show how to create one. You will also describe how to manage, administer, and implement user security. Plus, you will show how to configure the network to work with Oracle, and you will also describe how to perform backup and recovery concepts.

The test has about 84 questions and takes roughly 120 minutes to complete. You would need a passing score of 68% to pass and get your certification.

As a technician, or database administrator, when you take the 1z0-042 : Oracle Database 10g: Administration I and pass it, you will provide evidence that you know about Oracle 10g, how to use it, and how to handle security and other administrative duties with it. This will give you an advantage over your competition, and provide you with a higher standing within your company or even in the marketplace. Once you take and pass the test from TestKing, and get certified, you will now be able to show your boss that you have the skills to handle Oracle 10g. This TestKing can promise.

Windows 2003 Functional Levels
On a Windows 2003 network, different levels of functionality are attainable within a
domain or a forest depending on whether all domain controllers in that domain or forest
are running Windows Server 2003. The level at which the domain or forest are running
is called the functional level. 642-611 642-973 642-845
Domain Functionality
Domain functionality affects features that will be available within a domain. There are
four levels of domain functionality available:
Windows 2000 Mixed This is the default functional level. It assumes that
domain controllers in the domain may be running Windows NT 4.0, Windows
2000, or Windows 2003. It also offers the least functional feature set.
Windows 2000 Native This functional level assumes that domain controllers
may be running Windows 2000 or Windows 2003 within the domain. Aside from
the Windows Server 2003 functional level, this level offers the most functionality.
Windows Server 2003 Interim This functional level assumes that domain controllers
will be running both Windows 2003 and Windows NT 4.0. As its name
indicates, this level is intended for use during the process of upgrading a network
from Windows NT 4.0 to Windows 2003 Server.
Windows Server 2003 This is the highest functional level for a domain. It
assumes all domain controllers in the domain are running Windows Server 2003
and offers the highest feature set.
Forest Functionality
Forest functionality affects features that will be available within a forest. There are
three levels of forest functionality available:
Windows 2000 This is the default functional level for a forest and assumes that
domain controllers in the forest may be running Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000,
or Windows 642-588 642-801 642-802 2003.
Windows Server 2003 Interim This functional level assumes that domain controllers
will be running both Windows 2003 and Windows NT 4.0. This level is
intended for use during the process of upgrading a forest from Windows NT 4.0 to
Windows 2003 Server.
Chapter Summary
The four main geographical company models are local, regional, national, and
international. The primary differences between these models (aside from political
boundaries) are the complexity of the network and the state of the connections
between the locations.
Two types of offices also play into the geographical considerations: branch offices
that are controlled by the company and subsidiary offices that are owned by the
company, but usually have their own staff and networking policies.
You should gather as much information as possible on how information is created,
stored, and transferred within the organization.
Assess the current network environment, including information about the subnets,
IP addressing, and networking equipment used in each location.
Create an inventory of the servers and workstations in each location. Include a
description of the hardware, software, and services they use. Also note the usage
patterns of the systems so that you can gauge the best time for upgrades.
When analyzing performance requirements, start by fixing any existing problems
and making sure configurations are correct.642-822 642-503 642-642 Get a sense of user experiences and
expectations and then test the current performance. Revisit these requirements
often as you design your plan.
When gathering information about a current Windows 2000 infrastructure, you should
first create a diagram showing the existing domains and their trust relationships.
For each Windows 2000 domain, create a diagram of OU structure and a diagram
showing site structure and domain controller placement.
When gathering information about a Windows NT 4.0 infrastructure, create a diagram
showing domains and trust relationships. For each domain, gather information
on the domain controllers, users, and resources in the domain.
Exam Highlights
Before taking the exam, review the key topics and terms that are presented in this
chapter. You need to know this information.
Key Points
The basic geographic locations and the connections between them govern the
physical structure of a network. This includes how IP addressing and routing
works, how Active Directory sites are structured, and how network traffic is
controlled.
The administrative and political makeup of a company governs the logical structure
of a network. This includes how trees and domains are structured, the trust
relationships between domains, and how domains are broken into OUs.
The key to the functional level of a network is the interoperability requirements
between Windows Server 2003 642-661 642-873 642-845and previous versions of Windows. If all domain
controllers run Windows 2003, all features are available. If Windows 2000 domain
controllers exist, fewer features are available. If Windows NT 4.0 domain controllers
exist, the fewest features are available.
Your design will impact the network in terms of having to upgrade servers to support
the new operating system, upgrade capacity to support increased network
traffic, and include down time for the network while the plan is being implemented.
Key Terms
Centralized/Decentralized A centralized administration model requires fewer OUs
and lets you design a simpler structure. A decentralized model usually requires
more organization units and sometimes more domains.
WAN Link A connection between LANs in different locations. WAN links are slower,
less reliable, and more expensive than the connections within a LAN. A key goal
in designing a network is optimizing the flow of traffic over WAN links.
Functional Level The feature set available to a domain or forest based on the version
of Windows that domain controllers in the domain or forest are running.
Older versions mean fewer features.
Lesson 1 Review
1. Aside from network connection issues, what are three complicating factors exhibited
by an international company?
Difference in languages, laws, 642-611 642-973 642-588 export regulations, and tariffs are just a few of the issues an
international company must contend with.
2. What is the difference between a branch and a subsidiary office?
The essential difference between a branch and a subsidiary office is that the branch office is
controlled by the company, while the subsidiary office (while owned by the company) is more
autonomous and may follow its own policies.
3. You are preparing a geographic map for a company that has three locations within
the same state. The link between two of the locations is a dedicated T1 line. The
third location links to only one of the first two locations and that link is a 64Kb
line. What geographical model would this fall into?
The slow 64Kb link would make network design considerably more complex and would make
this company a national model. If all locations connected via high-speed links, this company
would likely be a regional model.
Lesson 2 Review
1. What types of information should you gather when inventorying a server?
You should first gather information about the server’s hardware, including the brand of the computer
and the types and capacities of components such as the motherboard, memory, disk subsystem,
and peripherals. You should also gather 642-802 642-661 642-873 information on the operating system, installed
services, and applications.
2. For each subnet on your network, identify the major IP addressing components
you will need to record.
You will need to list the network ID, subnet mask, default gateway, and additional information
such as DNS servers. You also must determine whether DHCP is used and how it is configured
for the subnet.
3. Identify the two major tools used to analyze performance on a Windows network.
The Performance console (named Performance Monitor on earlier versions of Windows) is used
to track resource utilization on a computer. Network Monitor is used to capture and analyze
local network traffic.